What can statistical significance help determine in data analysis?

Statistical significance plays a crucial role in data analysis as it helps ascertain whether the observed results are likely to reflect a genuine effect rather than being due to random chance. When results are statistically significant, they provide strong evidence that the pattern detected in the data is not just a fluke, thereby suggesting a real relationship or impact exists between the variables being studied.

This determination allows analysts and researchers to draw more reliable conclusions and make informed decisions based on their findings. For example, if a study shows that a new marketing strategy significantly increases sales, the statistical significance assures stakeholders that this increase is likely a true effect of the strategy rather than a result of variability or random factors.

The other options, while important in their own right, do not directly address what statistical significance specifically helps determine in the context of data analysis. Consistency over time may relate more closely to reliability of the data rather than statistical significance alone. Similarly, understanding external influences typically requires different methods or additional analyses. Lastly, aligning results with organizational goals involves strategic planning and interpretation beyond just the statistical assessment of evidence.